Standing on a Cliff:
War and Peace in Environmental History
“悬崖之上：环境史中的战争与和平”国际学术研讨会
Information
会议信息
2024年5月17日（星期五）
Friday, May 17, 2024
北京大学人文学苑5号楼 B117室
B117, Building 5, Humanities Complex, Peking University
Sponsor
主办单位
中国人民大学清史研究所生态史研究中心
德国慕尼黑大学蕾切尔·卡森环境与社会中心
北京大学世界环境史研究中心
Co-sponsored by the Center for Ecological History, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
the Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society, Munich, Germany,
and the Center for World Environmental History, Peking University, Beijing, China
Preface
前言
武装冲突类型的战争，是一种民族或国家，无论古代或者现代，皆有的特殊暴力形式。它有别于采集时代群体之间小规模的领土争斗。有学者认为，随着时间的推移，战争逐渐退出人们的普遍个体经历，对日常生活的影响也越来越小。他们提出，古代采集狩猎者在小规模争斗中所遭受的身体伤害远大于多数现代公民在战争中所受到的伤害。我们尝试理解和评估此类观点，以及它所指涉的规模和范围的变化。我们希望采用一种环境和生态的新视角来探讨所谓“文明的”战争与和平。
War, defined as armed conflict, has been a history of violence practiced mainly by nations or states, ancient or modern, and is quite different from territorial skirmishes among prehistorical foraging peoples. According to some scholars, the violence of war has diminished over time as a common, personal experience, affecting fewer and fewer people in their daily lives. Ancient hunters and gatherers, they say, suffered more bodily harm from skirmishes than most modern citizens do from wars. We seek to understand and evaluate that claim, and the changes of scale and scope it may have entailed. We want to examine an alternative environmental and ecological perspective in the study of “civilized” warfare and peace.
Program
会议议程
上午9:00-10:30
分论坛一：现代化暴力
9:00a.m.-10:30a.m.
Session I: Modernizing Violence
主持人：唐纳德·沃斯特，中国人民大学
Chair: Donald Worster, Renmin University
1. 艾里斯·博罗维：《军事废弃物——战争的长期影响》
评议人：王健宇
Iris Borowy, “Military Waste - The Long-term Effects of Warfare”
Critic: Wang Jianyu
2. 王健宇：《大气核试验中锶-90的研究与系统生态学观点的诞生》
评议人：古德弗雷·霍夫
Wang Jianyu, “Research on Strontium-90 in Atmospheric Nuclear Tests and the Birth of the Systemic Ecological View”
Critic: Godfrey Hove
3. 古德弗雷·霍夫：《武装人员的生存？——20世纪60年代以来莱索托马费腾地区的土地、环境与冲突》
评议人：艾里斯·博罗维
Godfrey Hove, “Survival of the Armed? Land, Environment and Conflict in Mafeteng District, Lesotho Since the 1960s”
Critic: Iris Borowy
上午11:30-12:30
分论坛二：能源、气候与冲突
11:00a.m.-12:30a.m.
Session II: Energy, Climate, and Conflict
主持人：包茂红，北京大学
Chair: Bao Maohong, Peking University
1. 泰特·凯勒：《大自然的“重大灾难”？第一次世界大战与能源新秩序》
评议人：大卫·比格斯
Tait Keller, “A “Seminal Catastrophe” for Nature? The First World War and the New Energy Order”
Critic: David Biggs
2. 大卫·比格斯：《战时西贡的木炭政治与生物燃料》
评议人：康翊博
David Biggs, “Charcoal Politics and Biofuels in Wartime Saigon”
Critic: Kang Yibo
3. 康翊博：《1640年代中国西南地区的气候多样性、社会秩序差异与战争冲突》
评议人：泰特·凯勒
Kang Yibo, “Climate Diversity, Social Order Difference, and the War Conflict in Southwest China in the 1640s”
Critic: Tait Keller
下午2:00-3:30
分论坛三：战时资源保护
2:00p.m.-3:30p.m.
Session III: Conservation in Wartime
主持人：曹牧，天津师范大学
Chair: Cao Mu, Tianjin Normal University
1. 恩斯特·朗根塔尔：《被中断的加速：1938-1945年德国战时经济时期生产动员与保护抗议之间的奥地利自然资源》
评议人：单嗣平
Ernst Langthaler, “Interrupted Acceleration: Austria’s Natural Resources between Productivist Mobilization and Conservationist Protest in the German Wartime Economy, 1938–1945”
Critic: Shan Siping
2. 单嗣平：《超越暴力：全球市场扩张中清代蒙古东南部的商品与自然》
评议人：王建革
Shan Siping, “Beyond violence: Commodity, nature and the expansion of a global market in Qing’s southeast Mongolia”
Critic: Wang, Jiange
3. 王建革：《运河危机、战争环境与清王朝的选择》
评议人：恩斯特·朗根塔尔
Wang Jiange, “Canal Crisis, War Environment, and the Choices of the Qing Dynasty”
Critic: Ernst Langthaler
下午4:00-5:30
分论坛四：战争与生命地球
4:00p.m.-5:30p.m.
Session IV: War and the Living Earth
主持人：付成双，南开大学
Chair: Fu Chengshuang, Nankai University
1. 霍尔格·德雷斯勒：《遏制与征服：1942-1943年瓜达尔卡纳尔岛战役中的疟疾控制》
评议人：贾珺
Holger Droessler, “Contain & Conquer: Malaria Control in the Battle of Guadalcanal, 1942-1943”
Critic: Jia Jun
2. 贾珺：《残破的森林、萌芽的树林和伪装的树木：一战西线的军事化景观》
评议人：程森
Jia Jun, “Ruined Forests, Budged Woods and Camouflage Trees: The Militarized Landscape of Western Front in WWI”
Critic: Cheng Sen
3. 程森：《边防、屯垦与景观塑造：抗战时期“陕北江南”的军事生态学研究》
评议人：霍尔格·德雷斯勒
Cheng Sen, “Border defense, reclamation, and landscape shaping——Research on Military Ecology of ‘Shaanbei Jiangnan’ (陕北江南) during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression”
Critic: Holger Droessler
编辑 | 张一凡
审核 | 李新玥
